Pressure Cooker(高压锅) Safety

When you are cooking with a pressure cooker, you should learn a few common sense(常识) rules:

1. Never leave the cooker unwatched when it is in use.

2. Add sufficient liquid but never past the recommended fill point. Overfilling the cooker may block the vent pipe(排气孔) and cause the cooker to explode.

3. Set the cooking time. Too much time may overcook the food or too much pressure may build up in the cooker. Too little time will lead to undercooked food.

4. If you are new to pressure cooking, follow the cooking instructions carefully. Heat and time can either result in a great meal or a ruined one.

5. Never try to force a pressure cooker cover open. Allow the cooker to cool or run it under cool water before trying to open the cover.

6. Clean the cooker thoroughly after each use. Mild detergent(洗涤剂) and hot water work the best. Do not use stove ash or sand for they may damage the cooker. The gasket(密封圈) is best cleaned in warm soapy water and then dried. Store the gasket in the bottom of the pot.

A.keep the cooker under close watch

B.always keep the cooker half full

C.never leave the cooker empty

D.never turn off the stove

A.a ruined meal

B.undercooked food

C.too little pressure

D.a blocked vent pipe

A.as soon as the cook is finished

B.when it is still on the stove

C.with force when it is hot

D.after it is cooled down

A.The gasket should be cleaned thoroughly with cold water

B.Mild detergent and hot water can best clean the cooker

C.Soapy water will often damage the cooker

D.Sand can be used to clean the cooker

A.Overfilling the cooker with food and water

B.Cleaning the cooker with detergent

C.Cooling the cooker with cold water

D.Setting too little cooking time

Gestures aren't the only area in which the unwary traveler can get tripped up. Foreign cultures greatly influence different business customs and behavior. “Three cups of tea or coffee are usually the polite limit in offices and during social　calls,” counsels “Travel Pak”, a free publication of Alia, the Royal Jordanian Airline. But if the host keeps going, you may also continue sipping. If you've had your fill, give your empty cup a quick wiggle—as you hand it back. That means “No more, thank you”.

 Middle East visitors should also not be surprised “if others break into the office in the middle of your conversation”, notes “Travel Pak”. An old Arab custom calls for keeping an “open office”. The British, however, consider it impolite to interrupt a visitor, even after all business has been transacted. The commercial caller is expected to be sensitive to this point, know when to stop, and initiate his or her own departure. In Japan certain guests at evening business gatherings will leave early. They should be allowed to leave without saying goodbye. The Japanese consider formal departures to be disruptive in such cases and disturbing to the remaining guests. In Finland business guests may be asked to take off their clothes and join their hosts in a sauna. The invitation is a sign that a good working relationship has been established.

 In the Arab world, the word “no” must be mentioned three times before it is accepted. In contrast, it is considered good business manners to make many and long efforts to pick up the check. In China, gift giving is considered an insult, says Patrick J. Lewis, President of Club Universe, a Los Angeles tour operator. “If you want to give someone a gift, make sure it's modest in value. This will not be considered offensive, but it may be declined.” The Chinese manner of expressing friendship and welcome is to clap. Lewis adds, “You may be greeted with clapping when entering a factory, hospital, community, or school. Politeness dictates that you respond with applause, even though it may seem like you're clapping for yourself.”

A.impolite to drink at least three cups of coffee

B.impolite to drink more than three cups of coffee unless the host drinks more

C.polite to ask the host to give you as much as he can

D.polite to leave a party as early as you want

A.leave early without saying goodbye

B.stay as long as he can

C.stay to go swimming with the host

D.present their business cards immediately

A.take flowers to the host

B.send an expensive gift to the host

C.have a sauna with the host

D.present a business card

A.praising the host

B.a modest manner

C.a response of applause

D.offending the host

A.Uninvited visitors are welcome in Middle Eastern offices.

B.In Britain, business visitors can stay as long as they like.

C.In China, people may greet a foreigner's entering a school with clapping.

D.In the Arab world, you should say “No” for three times until it is accepted.

　American society is not nap friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvanian School of Medicine, “There's even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep.” Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work. To quote a proverb: “Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness（邪恶） eleven.”

　　Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. “We have to totally change our attitude toward napping,” says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the godfather of sleep research.

　　Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American sleep debt” which one member said was as important as the national debt. The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, the President is trying to take a half-hour snooze(打瞌睡) every afternoon.

　　About 60% of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have “a mid afternoon quiet phase”, also called “a secondary sleep gate”. Sleeping 15 minutes to 2 hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed. Clearly, we were born to nap.

　　We Superstars of Snoozing don't nap to replace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift. Rather, we “snack” on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries, offices and museums.

A.unreasonable

B.criminal

C.harmful

D.costly

A.don't like to nap

B.are terribly worried about their national debt

C.sleep less than what is good for them

D.have caused many industrial and traffic accidents

A.warn us of the wickedness of napping

B.explain the danger of sleepiness

C.discuss the side effects of napping

D.convince the reader of the necessity of napping

A.the traditional misunderstanding the Americans have about sleep

B.the new sleep policy of the government

C.the rapid development of American industry

D.the Americans' worry about the danger of sleepiness

A.preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shift

B.good practice to eat something light before we go to bed

C.essential to make up for lost sleep

D.natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for it

During her junior year of high school, Candice Backus's teacher handed her a sheet and instructed the 17-year-old to map out her future financial life. Backus pretended to buy a car, rent an apartment, and apply for a credit card. Then, she and her classmates played the “stock market game,” investing the hypothetical (假设的 ) earnings from their hypothetical jobs in the market in the fateful fall of 2008. “Our pretend investments crashed,” Backus says, still horrified. “We felt what actual shareholders were feeling.”

       That pain of earning and losing money is a feeling that public school increasingly want to teach. Forty states now offer some types of financial instruction at the elementary or high-school level, including lessons in balancing checkbooks (支票本) and buying stock in math and social-studies classes. The interest in personal-finance classes has risen since 2007 when bank failures became a regular occurrence.

       Rather than teach investment strategies, these courses offer a basic approach to handling money: Don't spent what you don't have. Put part of your monthly salary into a saving account, and invest in the stock market for the long-term rather than short-term gains. For Backus, this means dividing her earnings from her part-time job at a fast-food restaurant into separate envelopes for paying bills, spending, and saving. “Money is so hard to make but so easy to spend, ” she says one weekday after school.

       After Backus finished her financial classes, she opened up a savings account at her local bank and started to think more about how she and her family would pay for college. “She just has a better understanding of money and how it affects the world ,” says her mother, Darleen. All of this talk of money can make Backus worry, she says, but luckily, she feels prepared to face it.

A.introduce a new course

B.encourage personal savings

C.learn about investment

D.teach credit card hazards

A.the state of the economy

B.the need for employment

C.the rate of graduation

D.the desire to purchase cars

A.get accepted by colleges

B.become very wealthy

C.take more vacations

D.prevent from going into debt

A.is debt free

B.manages the family income

C.will graduate early

D.feels more competent

A.positive

B.critical

C.objective

D.worried

The business cycle is composed of many phases and one of them is the expansion phase. This phase is a twofold one, including recovery and prosperity.

During the recovery period there is an ever-growing expansion of existing equipment. And new facilities for production are created. More businesses are created and older ones are expanded. Improvements of serious kinds are made. There is an ever increasingly positive view about the future of economic growth. Much capital is invested in machinery or heavy industry. More labour is employed. More raw materials are required.

As more parts of the economy develop, other parts are affected. For example, the expansion in automobiles results in an expansion of the steel and rubber industries. Roads are required; thus the cement and machinery industries are activated. Demand for labour and materials results in greater prosperity for workers and suppliers of raw materials. This increases th

e amount of goods bought and sold. Thus prosperity develops among the various parts of the population.

This prosperity period may continue to rise without an obvious end. However, a time comes when this phase reaches a peak and stops going upwards. This is the end of the expansion phase.

A.The expansion of existing facilities

B.The creation of new businesses

C.The disappearance of old businesses

D.The increase of optimism about the future of the economy

A.The increase of raw materials

B.The growth stopping at a peak

C.The further increase of labour

D.The expansion of goods

A.Sections of the economy do not influence each other

B.In the expansion phase the business maintains development in the long run

C.The end of the business in the prosperity period can be obviously seen

D.Parts of the economy are closely related to each other

A.economic expansion is fast

B.the business can expand endlessly

C.the end of one business expansion will certainly happen

D.the economic rise to the peak is slow

A.Development of the Economy

B.Recovery of the Economy

C.Expansion of the Economy

D.Prosperity of the Economy