Revise the following sentences according to the requirements．

Example: The history of English words is the history of our civilization in many ways.( periodic sentence)

In many ways, the history of English words is the history of our civilization.

She can also speak fluent French in the near future. (periodic sentence)

Tom wants to buy a bike, so he is saving up. (sentence with a prepositional phrase)

Tom wants to buy a bike, so he is saving up. (sentence with a prepositional phrase)

He stepped carelessly off the pavement, so he was knocked down by a bus. (sentence with a verb-ing phrase)

The bike looked as if it was a new one after it had been thoroughly cleaned. ( sentence with a verb-ed phrase)

Gilbert formulated this famous theory. This theory is now widely applied in language teaching. (relative clause)

It rained. The match was called off. (compound sentence)

He will or will not be able to come. I don’t know. (complex sentence)

I prefer eating in the school dinning hall. The food there is much cheaper. You don’t have to waste too much time in the line. (compound-complex sentence)

They should clean all the classrooms today. They should also plant all the trees around the campus this Saturday. (sentence with parallel structure)

Correct the errors in the following sentences.

Example: Made by his mother, Tony ate up the cake.

Tony ate up the cake made by his mother.

By any measurement. Small businesses are an important part of the trend.

While this makes management easier. Some managers act in their own interests.

Not only has Middle Eastern oil money made its way into American stocks, many Europeans feel they should invest in the American market.

To show how new techniques can be used, demonstration farms are set up by the government.

The “land grant colleges” play a key role in advancing science, speeding up the use of technology and to educate the public.

Choose the best topic sentence from the group below by writing A, B, C or D.

A. Mental symptoms of stress include anxiety, trouble sleeping and so on.

B. Symptoms of stress can vary widely from one person to the next.

C. Some people may have headaches or back pain when they are under stress.

D. Mental symptoms of stress can be controlled through drug therapy.

Read the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence.

Importantly, the Hindu （印度教) and Buddhist influences from India were not imposed by conquest or foreign domination (管辖). The influence was more apparent than real. Beneath the surface, the Indian religious symbols and rites were freely adapted to express the animist (泛神论) beliefs and ancestor worship of Austronesian (南太平洋岛屿) culture. Outside the nobility, life went on for the general population much as it had for thousands of years. The Sanskrit (梵文) script, for instance, does not appear to have been applied as an aid for commerce. With the notable exception of Bali, the Indian caste system was not imported. The social organization continued to follow the traditional kinship system of Austronesian society.

Read the following paragraph carefully and choose the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph by writing A, B, C or D.

Researchers divided the 1,400 subjects into two groups. The first group did not stretch before their runs. The second group stretched, having received photographs and specific instructions for a series of simple, traditional poses, like leaning over and touching toes. The volunteers followed their assigned regimens (方法) for three months. About 16 percent of the group that did not stretch were hobbled (跛行) badly enough to miss training for at least three days (the researchers’ definition of a running injury), while about 16 percent of the group that did stretch were laid up (生病) for the same amount of time. The percentages, in other words, were virtually identical.

A. Stretching is important before running.

B. Running may induce injuries.

C. Stretching may not help in preventing injuries in running.

D. Identical poses may cause injuries in running.