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Today few, if any, countries are economically selfsufficient. Even China, with its vast human and natural resources, has not been able to remain aloof from the world economy. In the United States, international business touches people’s lives daily. Common goods and services such as Shell gasolinestations, often identified with the United States, are, in fact, foreign owned.
International business is business conducted in more than one country, including buying and selling goods and services. Other international business activities include marketing, manufacturing, mining, and farming. In sum, international business is all the practices a business in a single country does, but at the international level.
The 2000 revision of Incoterms took account of the spread of customs-free zones, the increased use of electronic communication, and the changes in transport practices. The new version offers a simpler and clearer presentation of the definitions of all the terms. As in the previous version, the trade terms of Incoterms 2000 are presented in a format which allows seller and buyer to follow a step-by step process to determine their respective obligations
Two political factors may also be at work in a firm’s choice to operate directly abroad through foreign direct investment (FDI). The first is to get around trade barriers such as quotas set by foreign countries. Saving tariff, the major form of trade barrier, is needless to say, an obvious motivation for undertaking FDI. Favorable investment policies practiced by host country such as tax reduction, rebated land-use fee, etc. are also an important incentive for FDI.
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